Modernist, Islamic-inspired, and sustainable design across Pakistan’s cities. Post-independence, Pakistan embraced modern architecture with a focus on national identity and global design principles. The era saw a shift toward minimalism, concrete structures, and urban planning. Key projects like the Faisal…
Gothic, Victorian, and Indo-Islamic fusion in public buildings. During the British Raj, colonial cities like Lahore and Karachi saw a wave of public building construction. Early British architecture reflected Neo-Classical and Gothic Revival styles, seen in structures like Frere Hall…
Onion domes, mirror work, and painted interiors in religious and royal structures. Sikh architecture in Punjab emerged prominently under Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Inspired by Mughal models but marked with distinct religious symbolism, Sikh buildings fused regional traditions with unique flair.…
Grand imperial style with domes, minarets, symmetry, and ornate decoration. The Mughals brought a golden age of architecture, blending Persian, Timurid, and Indian elements. Their structures emphasized balance, grandeur, and rich ornamentation. Signature features include bulbous domes, large courtyards, symmetrical…
Early mosques with brick domes, arches, and calligraphic ornamentation. With the arrival of Islam, mosque architecture began to evolve, combining local traditions with Arabic and Persian design principles. Early structures were often built using baked bricks and featured mihrabs, arches,…
Domed temples with marble pillars and intricate carvings. Jain architecture in present-day Pakistan is primarily found in Nagarparkar, Sindh. These temples stand as markers of a once-flourishing Jain community and reflect sacred geometry and artistic refinement. The temples feature mandapas…
Monasteries, stupas, and Greco-Buddhist sculpture blending East and West. Centered in Gandhara (modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), Buddhist architecture flourished with a distinct blend of Indian and Greco-Roman elements. Monasteries such as those in Taxila and Takht-i-Bahi served both residential and spiritual…
Urban grid systems, drainage, baked bricks, and public infrastructure. The Indus Valley Civilization marked a revolution in urban design. Cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa were organized with impressive grid layouts, central roads, and walled sections. The architecture prioritized functionality, hygiene,…
Neolithic mud homes, storage pits, and the earliest farming settlement in South Asia. Mehrgarh, located in Balochistan, is the oldest known settlement in present-day Pakistan and among the earliest farming communities in the world. Dated as far back as 7000…